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Biochemical and biological characterization of Naja kaouthia venom from North-East India and its neutralization by polyvalent antivenom – Journal of Venom Research
Saturday, July 18, 2026
Recent ArticlesResearch ArticlesVolume 4, 2013

Biochemical and biological characterization of Naja kaouthia venom from North-East India and its neutralization by polyvalent antivenom

06 Nov 2013
0
Research Article

OpenAccess
J Venom Res (2013), Vol 4, 31-38

Published online: 06 November 2013

Full Text (PDF ~ 506kb) (HTML PMC3861878) (PubMed)

Diganta Das 1, Nanjaraj Urs 2, Vilas Hiremath 2, B.S. Vishwanath 2 and Robin Doley 1*

1 Molecular Toxinology Laboratory, Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Tezpur University, Tezpur 784028, Assam, India

2 Department of Studies in Biochemistry, University of Mysore, Mysore 570006, Karnataka, India

*Correspondence to: Robin Doley, Email: doley@tezu.ernet.in, Tel: +91 37 12 27 5412; FAX +91 37 12 267005

Received: 13 June 2013, Revised: 30 October 2013, Accepted: 06 November 2013

© Copyright The Authors

ABSTRACT

This study describes the biochemical and biological properties of Naja kaouthia (Indian monocled cobra) venom of North-East India. The LD50 of the crude venom was found to be 0.148mg/kg  and  neurotoxicitic symptoms like paralysis of lower limbs and heavy difficulty in breathing at sub-lethal dose in mice was observed. The venom exhibited PLA2, indirect hemolytic and myotoxic activities but showed weak proteolytic and low direct hemolytic activities. It did not exhibit any hemorrhage when injected intradermally to mice. Anticoagulant activity was prominent when recalcification, prothrombin and activated partial thrombinplastin time were tested on platelet poor plasma. Rotem analysis of whole citrated blood in presence of venom showed delay in coagulation time and clot formation time. Fibrinogen of whole citrated blood was depleted by venom when analyzed in Sonoclot. Crude venom at 10µg and after 16hr of incubation was found to degrade α chain of fibrinogen. Neutralization study showed that Indian polyvalent antivenom could neutralize some of the biochemical and biological activities as well as its fibrinogenolytic activity.

KEYWORDS:  Naja kaouthia, haemostasis, thromboelastometry, myotoxicity, polyvalent antivenom